On January 6, 2013, Anna Angadykovna Darbeeva, the oldest leading researcher of the Ural-Altaic Languages Department of the Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, died at the age of 96. She was born on February 15, 1917 in the village of Kuyta, Balagansky Uyezd, East Siberian Province (now Alarsky district, Irkutsk Region) in the family of a peasant. In 1934, she entered the philological department of the Agricultural Institute (later the Buryat Pedagogical Institute).

The tragic period of Stalinist repression did not pass by the family of Anna Darbeeva. Her brother, Ardan Angadykovich, former People's Commissar of agriculture of the BM ASSR, was accused of pan-mongolism and shot in 1937. Anna, as the sister of the "enemy of the people", was also persecuted. The opportunity to graduate from the Institute is due to Professor V. D. Kudryavtsev, who spoke at the Academic Council of the Institute in her defense. The wife of the convicted People's Commissar died in the Akmola camp, and their little daughter, Engelsina Darbeeva, was adopted. Her life was quite successful: she graduated from Moscow State University, became a candidate of historical sciences, she had a happy family-her husband, Marat Alexandrovich Cheshkov, and children.

After graduating from the Institute, Anna Angadykovna taught Russian language and literature at a Moscow school. In 1948-1952, she studied at the postgraduate course of the Marr Institute of Language and Thinking of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences).

Her dissertation on the topic "Definition in the Buryat-Mongolian language", written under the supervision of G. D. Sanzheyev, was successfully defended in 1953, after which the question of employment arose. G. D. Sanzheyev and Ts. B. Tsydendambayev applied to the Central Committee of the party with a request to open a group of Mongolian languages at the Institute of Linguistics, where A. A. Darbeeva was sent accepted. The degree of Doctor of Philology was awarded to her for her dissertation " Problems of contacts of Mongolian languages with foreign structural languages in sociolinguistic coverage "(1985).

A. A. Darbeeva carried out scientific research in the following areas: Buryat language studies of general and particular nature, sociolinguistics, theory of Mongolian languages, linguistic contactology, comparative historical grammar of Mongolian languages; she also worked in the field of Mongolian lexicography.

Her works are devoted to various problems of Mongolian linguistics: parts of speech (adjectives and pronouns), paired words and doubles; some issues of phonetics and vocabulary. A significant place in the work of A. A. Darbeeva is occupied by theoretical and practical problems of interaction of Mongolian languages with foreign languages. The researcher's attention is drawn to two groups of Mongolian languages: literary-written (Buryat, Kalmyk, and Mongolian) and non-written island languages (Mongol, Dagur, Duneyang, Bao'an, Shira-Yugur, and Mughal). She paid considerable attention to the interaction of Buryat, Kalmyk and partly Mongolian languages with Russian in the process of language practice of Mongolian-speaking bilingualism. Materials for sociolinguistic research were collected in the field in Buryatia, Kalmykia, and the MNR. Observations of the Russian speech of schoolchildren, students and representatives of different segments of the population (from 7 to 80 years) allowed her to determine the causes of phonetic and morphological interference in the Russian speech of Mongolian-speaking bilinguals. In her opinion, literary and written Mongolian languages develop in accordance with their linguistic structure, borrowing only certain elements from another language. Island non-written languages significantly transformed the structure of the native language in the process of contacts with Chinese, Tibetan and Iranian languages. A. A. Darbeeva participated in the compilation of the four-volume "Large Mongolian-Russian Dictionary".

Anna Angadykovna paid great attention to the methods of teaching the Buryat language in schools in Buryatia, Irkutsk and Chita regions.

A. A. Darbeeva took part in the international congresses of Mongolian studies in Mongolia and the International Congress of Altaists (PIAC), as well as All-Union conferences on Soviet linguistics. She was awarded the medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945"; jubilee medals in commemoration of the 30th and 40th anniversary of victory in the Great Patriotic War, the 850th anniversary of Moscow (1147-1997), the medal "Veteran of Labor". In connection with the 250th anniversary of the USSR Academy of Sciences, she was awarded a Certificate of Honor from the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1974). She is an Honored Scientist of the Buryat ASSR (1990).

A. A. Darbeeva is the author of more than 70 works, including 4 monographs. Her best works are in continuous scientific circulation, they will be preserved in the history of national and world Mongolistics, and subsequent generations of Mongolists will develop ideas and traditions originating in her works.

V. E. RADNAEV

MAIN SCIENTIFIC WORKS OF A. A. DARBEEVA

On the substantive use of adjectives in the Buryat language / / Philology and History of the Mongolian Peoples, Moscow, 1958, pp. 152-165.

The name is an adjective / / Grammar of the Buryat language. Vol. 1. Phonetics and Morphology, Moscow, 1962, pp. 96-126.

Mongolian languages // Sovetskoe yazykoznanie za 50 let [Soviet Linguistics for 50 years], Moscow, 1967, pp. 276-286.

O nekotorykh voprosy vzaimodeystviya raznosistemnykh yazykov na urovne govorov [On some issues of interaction of languages of different systems at the level of dialects].

Development of public functions of Mongolian languages in the Soviet era, Moscow, 1969. 151c.

On personal pronouns of the third person in Mongolian languages / / Voprosy yazykoznaniya. 1970. No. 1, pp. 113-117.

Development of bilingualism in isolated Mongolian languages and dialects / / Problems of bilingualism and multilingualism, Moscow, 1970, pp. 191-197.

Functional correlation of orthoepic and orthographic norms of borrowed consonants in written and oral varieties of the Buryat literary language / / Social and functional differentiation of literary languages, Moscow, 1977, pp. 239-266.

Influence of bilingualism on the development of an isolated dialect. On the material of Mongolian languages, Moscow, 1978.210 p.

On the bilingualism of Mongolian-speaking peoples (on the problem of interference). 1982. No. 6. pp. 85-95.

Russian-Mongolian language contacts in the context of bilingualism, Moscow, 1984, 192 p.

Historical and comparative studies on the grammar of Mongolian languages. Phonetics, Moscow, 1996, 174 p.

Problematika i sovremennoe sostoyanie mongol'skogo yazykoznaniya v Rossii (1992-1997) [Problems and current state of Mongolian linguistics in Russia (1992-1997)].

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