Hero of Socialist Labor A. G. Stakhanov

I myself am an Orlovsky. Born in the village of Lugovaya, Ostrovskaya volost, Livensky uyezd. We lived poorly in our village. There were about 120 yards in it, and only 10 - 15 could boast of prosperity. Our family lived poorly. There was almost never enough bread from our farm, and there were 5 mouths in the house - my father and mother and there were three of us children: two sisters and me. It was necessary to borrow grain from Kulak in the spring for sowing and for food. It got really bad for us when the First World War broke out and my father was taken into the army. My mother decided to rent me out to Kulak when I was 9 years old. The owner fed me for my work and plowed four tithes of our land. That's all the pay, the landlord didn't even give me my trousers, and I went around in rags. There was enough work to do. I had to graze the cattle and clean up the yard. At the age of eleven, I was assigned as a lieutenant. In the summer he helped herding a herd, and in the winter he finally got into school. And so it went: work in the summer, and school in the winter. I learned three winters off, but failed the fourth. I had to go back to renting, but I could already read and write. Our family knew nothing about my father's fate: no news came from him. Only in 1919 did he return home. It turned out that he had been an Austrian prisoner for four years. With his return, we felt better. My father bought a horse (helped by a combat engineer), life began to gradually improve. Soon a big trouble came to our family. My father got cold in the forest when we were harvesting firewood in the winter, was ill for a long time and died in the summer of 1922. A few months later, my mother also died. There are three of us left. I had to eat and drink, and the farm was completely ruined without my father. Again I went on loan to Kulak. Farmhand at the mill-worked at the engine, loader. And then I had a dream: to earn money, buy a horse and ... get out of need. I wanted to have a gray horse, a beautiful, strong one. Such as I saw when I was a boy at our landowner Pozhidaev's. Can you buy a horse with the money I got from Kulak? I worked for him for three years, and I saved up very little. I returned home empty-handed, and sowed the land with my sisters (my uncle helped me plow it); but without a draft horse, what kind of farm is this? So I decided to go to the side and earn some money and buy a horse and harness with it. From time immemorial, my countrymen went south to the mines. So I'm going there. This was in the spring of 1927. I arrived in Kadiyevka. In bast shoes, white canvas shirt and trousers, with a chest. I found a friend from Lugovaya there, got a job with him, and went to work at the mine. I was scared at first. The mine is huge, the noise is everywhere, the people are black and dirty. But what to do, once you've arrived, you need to go to work. They took me for a brake. This was my first mining profession. No one even remembers what it is now, and 40 years ago there were a lot of brakes in the mines. Coal was then transported from the mining site to the mine shaft in trolleys. They were drawn by a horse driven by konogon. When the trolleys were going downhill, the brakeman had to restrain them with oak sticks or a piece of iron pipe. If you don't keep track, the horse's legs will break, and even the whole batch of trolleys may collapse into the trunk. It was called "putting sticks in the wheels". I was also supposed to help konogon put the trolleys on the tracks when the party, as the miners said, "drilled", jumped off the track.

I worked as a brakeman for a few months, and then I applied for a horse training position. I've loved horses since I was a kid, and I knew how to handle them. I was given a horse named Bouquet. Good horse, good girl. I always brought him a bottle of water and a bun and put it in a certain place. He knew the place, and if he saw that there was nothing there, he wouldn't move, he would bite, he would kick. Water, by the way, he himself got used to drinking from a bottle. He'll grab it in his teeth, lift his head, and drink it all. Often the Bouquet helped me out in trouble. The trolleys will start to run, it's hard to lift them, and the horse will start to run, so I bet on

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rails. I worked as a horse breeder well. Usually konogony did 5 races per shift, and I 6-7. I was also a driller-I drilled holes in the coal seam. They put dynamite in it, inserted capsules, and blew it up. The crushed coal was then shoveled off and taken out. I also tried other mining professions - a crepener, a scraper. I got used to the mine, mining work, made friends with young guys-miners. I realized more and more how important our profession was, how much the country needed the coal that we mined underground. I was no longer going to the village, although I did not break ties with my fellow countrymen. My sisters wrote to me about life in Lugovaya and the collectivization of agriculture.

At that time, in the early 30s, huge changes were taking place in our country. The development of industry led to a sharp increase in the size of the working class. The qualifications of our workers have also grown significantly. Hundreds of thousands of them, who worked at the enterprises seasonally or came, like me, to save up money, turned into regular workers. Unemployment was completely eliminated. New professions were born and old ones died. In the mines, for example, the profession of tobogganers has disappeared, the number of slaughterers who worked manually and horse breeders has decreased. The mines began to receive jackhammers and electric locomotives. Even in the first five-year plan, new equipment began to appear at the Tsentralnaya-Irmino mine, where I worked, cutting machines, jackhammers, and compressors. They also transferred our land plot to Molotki. I started working with a hammer. It turned out that this is not so easy. I had to work hard to master it. I began to exceed the norm-to give up to 8 tons of coal per shift instead of 5 according to the Norm. In 1934, I applied for a four-month on-the-job course as a jackhammer driver. Some miners laughed at me: they said that you can work on a hammer without courses. After completing excellent courses, I learned to understand the subtleties of the jackhammer. And when I began to give up to 10 tons of coal per shift after the courses, and those who neglected to study were still 5-6, it became clear that they were laughing in vain.

The country successfully started the year 1935. Our workers were faced with the task of mastering the equipment that our industry was equipped with during the first and second five-year plans, and thereby increasing labor productivity. This task was also faced by the miners of Donbass. There was a technical reconstruction of its mines: coal mining was increasingly mechanized. Qualified personnel were assigned to the mines, and the production culture was improved. The country already knew the names of the best people of the Donbass, miners-drummers Nikita Izotov, who, having perfectly mastered the skill of coal mining, back in 1932, four times exceeded the previous labor productivity, K. M. Telnykh, P. M. Grishin, A. N. Murashko, V. E. Tkachenko.

Our Tsentralnaya - Irmino mine was an ordinary one and for a long time was listed as a laggard. In 1935, it developed seven steep-fall coal seams with a capacity of 0.5 to 1.4 m. The mine was well technically equipped: it had 95 jackhammers, 4 electric locomotives, 4 compressors and other equipment. Its daily task is 1200 tons of coal, and the mine gave only 900-950 tons. This was explained by the low productivity of miners. In August 1935, for example, a jackhammer accounted for an average of about 8 tons of coal. There were many shortcomings in our work: the jackhammers were sometimes inactive due to the irregular air supply, the delivery of timber to the face was delayed, and the trolleys for rolling back the extracted coal were not delivered in time.

The struggle for the withdrawal of the mine from the laggards was led by the Communists. In the summer of 1934, on the ticket of the Donetsk Regional Committee of the CP (b)A new party manager, K. G. Petrov, has arrived at our mine. He was young, but already had a lot of experience in party work. The party committee headed by him carried out a number of measures to strengthen the vanguard role of Communists in production. First of all, the grassroots party organizations were strengthened. The Communists were placed on shifts, new party groups were created at the polling stations. Myron Dyukanov, a slaughterer, was the party manager of our site. In 1929, he became a member of the Communist Party. He lived a remarkable life, was a participant in the meeting of the Stakhanovites in the Kremlin in November 1935, a delegate to the Extraordinary VIII All-Union Congress of Soviets, a delegate to the XVIII Party Congress. In the pre-war years, M. Dyukanov became a major business executive, headed the Voroshilovugol plant. In the winter of 1941, defending Moscow from the Nazi invaders, he died. I would like to say a few words here-

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a few words about it. He was a man with a generous soul. I owe him a lot. We lived in the neighborhood and often talked about various topics, discussed the news, read the newspapers. Dukanov was able to give the right advice in time, to reveal the best qualities in a person. He came from a mining family, worked as a farmhand from the age of 12, beat the whites with the Red Army, and was captured by Denikin. Dukanov worked at the mine since 1924. He saw that I was quite good with a jackhammer, and suggested that I train lagging slaughterers. I took on this task with pleasure. He continued to study on his own, preparing for the state technical exam. I passed it well.

At the end of 1934 - beginning of 1935, technical training was launched at the mine under the leadership of the Communists, and competition began. An active group of advanced workers formed around the party organization, systematically exceeding their quota. I wasn't a party member then. Dukanov invited me to open party meetings, gave me various assignments, for example, to organize a subscription to a loan. I knew that the Communists were concerned about the further rise in coal production. Both the Petrov mine party department and the Dyukanov site party department talked to miners about this topic. We paid attention to the fact that our mechanisms are poorly used. On August 23, 1935, the party committee discussed the report of the mine manager on the measures to be taken to fulfill the annual plan. In particular, it was decided to start a competition of jackhammer drivers. The goal of the competition is to increase the productivity of slaughterers, show samples of mastering equipment. The best section was to receive a rolling Red Banner. The miners began to prepare for the competition. In those days, the communists of the mine visited the homes of many slaughterers, asked about the living conditions, talked about our mining work, and consulted on how to improve the organization of labor in the lava, and make the working day more compact.

On the evening of August 29, Petrov, the party manager of the mine, and Mashurov, the head of my police station, also came to my apartment. The conversation was long. The guests asked me if it was possible to increase the output of the hammer. Some miners produce 10-14 tons of coal per day. Is this the limit? In my opinion, the answer is no. You just need to change the working conditions, and then the jackhammer will work in full force. How was coal mining going at the site then? On the 85-meter - long lava divided into 8 ledges, 8-9 slaughterers worked in shifts. Each slaughterer cut his own ledge. He cuts down a meter of the formation, puts the hammer aside, and starts fixing it. It turned out that the jackhammer lay idle for half a shift. The mine is three-shift: two shifts of coal miners cut coal, and the third was a repair one. So, the hammer was in action for 5-6 hours during the day, although the compressors drove the air all two shifts. The rhythm of work was also disrupted. The slaughterer will get used to working, and then you need to re-attach. In addition, the slaughterer has nowhere to turn around. The ledge is short, the miners interfere with each other. After cutting down their own ledge, each of them had to stop. What if you give all the lava to one slaughterer? There will be plenty of space! My interlocutors liked this idea. It was decided that I would go down into the lava alone and try to show the record work. N. I. Mashurov promised to bring the fixing forest into the lava and ensure the normal operation of the compressors. I'll just do the chopping, and I'll be followed by two crewmen. The anniversary of the International Youth Day was approaching. We decided that this holiday will be marked by a record at our mine. In those days, records were not uncommon in the mines, but we never set records in the mine. The next day I went to the workshop to check the jackhammer, the hammer was our, domestic, brand "OM-5", produced by the Leningrad plant "Pneumatics". I knew it thoroughly, disassembled it, carefully washed every part with kerosene, oiled it, and reassembled it. The hammer worked perfectly. I talked to the creasers, masters of their craft Shchigolev and Kalinin. We discussed the work plan.

On August 30, at 9 o'clock in the evening, I was already at the mine. I checked the hammer again, filled the oil pan, and the three of us headed for the crate. Petrov, Mashurov, and Mikhailov, the editor of the mine magazine, came down with us. We were walking along the drift to the Nikanor-Vostok section. Here's the lava. What was our surprise when we did not find the fastening scaffold. Let down the foremen. I had to drag the forest from the rubble. I carefully examined the air line, made sure that there was no air leak, went up to the top of the lava and turned on the jackhammer. Work has begun! The hammer bit into the formation. Chunks of coal fell. I was followed by the crewmen. The first hour was

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not quite calm, but then I see: things are going well, I'm cutting tirelessly, the fixers are keeping up. I'll stop for a minute, drink some water from my canteen , and then get back to work. Rub and rub! That's where the last ledge ends. Everything! The lava is down! It's been 5 hours and 45 minutes. We went upstairs just as the sun was rising. And from the mine came the coal I had extracted. 102 tons - more than six railway cars. The slaughterer rate was exceeded 14 times. So the record was born. My friends warmly congratulated me and presented me with flowers. Dukanov shook my hand firmly. Immediately, he asked Mashurov to prepare lava for him for record work. There were many others who wanted to give a record output.

On August 31, the plenum of the party committee of our Tsentralnaya - Irmino mine was held. One of the points of the decision taken at the meeting stated: "To invite all section heads, party departments, trade unions, and the mining committee: a) no later than September 2, all sections should work out the experience and the established record of tov in shifts. Stakhanov; b) on September 3, convene a special meeting of the slaughterers with the obligatory participation of the triangles of the plots, at which to hear the report of com. Stakhanov about how he mastered the high technique of working on a hammer and set a world record for productivity on it; c) launch a competition in sections for the best slaughterer of a mine site."

I must say that some people did not believe that one slaughterer could chop so much coal in a shift. It was rumored that I was credited with coal extracted by other slaughterers, which is a fictional record. How are these so, they say? Mined 6-7 tons of coal, and suddenly 102 at once? Where could they have come from? So on the night of September 3-4, M. Dyukanov went to the mine to reinforce my success. During the shift, he cut down 115 tons of coal. On September 5, during the second shift, Komsomol member M. Kontsedalov cut 125 tons, breaking my and Dyukanov's records. The miners adopted our experience and started working in a new way. Our records have also become known at other mines. They were described in detail in the newspaper "Kadievsky Proletarian". The article "Record of the slaughterer Stakhanov" was published by Pravda, and on September 6 she published the article "Soviet Heroes". It was a call to follow the example of the miners of the Tsentralnaya - Irmino mine.

News came from all over the country about production records in mines, factories, and factories. In Kadiyevka, Gorlovka, Makeyevka, Yenakieva, Shakhty, Lisichansk, at dozens of mines, slaughterers, crepers, and cut-off machine drivers exceeded the previous production standards and gave unprecedented labor productivity. New records were also set at our mine. On September 9, I went down with the second shift to the Nikanor - Vostok section. This time, the lava was prepared well: there was enough wood, and the air was under high pressure. During my shift, I cut down 175 tons of coal. But single records could not bring the mine out of the breakthrough. It was necessary to rebuild the work of the entire mine in a new way. The initiative in this matter was shown by the party committee. On the site, the organization of labor was changed: the number of ledges was reduced and the number of slaughterers in the lava was reduced; the combined work of a slaughterer and a creeper was introduced; forest runners and horse runners were transferred to progressive piecework. Meanwhile, the famous coal miner from Gorlovka Nikita Izotov," coal hero", as he was called in the Donbass, at the Kochegarka mine, using the method of division of labor (hammer-fastener), cut down 240 tons of coal with a jackhammer, and then 640 tons.

Not only miners, but also metallurgists, machine builders, textile workers, train builders, weavers, shoe makers, woodworkers entered the competition for high performance in labor. They gave their work and skills to their beloved Homeland. Our people worked with inspiration to fulfill the plan of the third, crucial year of the second five-year plan. Giants of metallurgy were created, mines, mines, power plants were built, and railway lines were laid. And in this work, new records were born. The country learned the names of those who needed to be looked up to - Alexander Busygin, a blacksmith from Gorky, Pyotr Krivonos, a machinist from Slavyansk, Maria and Evdokia Vinogradov, Vichug weavers, Nikolai Smetanin, a shoemaker from Leningrad, and many others. It was they who boldly overturned the old technical norms, opened up new paths in technology, and gave an unprecedented high labor productivity. The new movement, which became known as the Stakhanov movement, spread more and more widely. The singles competition has grown into a massive one. Teams, sections, entire factories, mines and mines competed. The Communist Party and the Soviet Government-

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In Russia, great importance was attached to the spread of the movement for high productivity of labor.

At the beginning of November 1935, I came to Moscow with a delegation of labor shock workers - miners and metallurgists of Donbass - to celebrate the 18th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution. The capital made a big impression on me. It was my first time in such a huge city. I looked around Moscow's streets and squares with interest. On November 7, I was on Red Square and saw a military parade and a festive demonstration of workers. And on November 14, the First All-Union Meeting of Stakhanovite Industrial and Transport Workers opened in the hall of the Grand Kremlin Palace, which summarized the experience of the innovator movement. Participants of the meeting arrived in Moscow by express trains and planes from Karaganda, Leningrad and Sormov, from Magnitogorsk and Kuznetsk, from the forests of the North and the mines of Donbass. There were three thousand of them. I had already heard about many of them on the radio and read about their labor exploits in the newspapers. Now I had a chance to meet them personally. Those who gathered in Moscow had a lot in common in their fate and in life. According to I. Gudov, a Moscow milling machine operator, all of us "got used to work from an early age." I can tell you about some of the participants in this meeting here. Their names went down in the history of building socialism in the USSR.

Here, for example, the blacksmith of the Gorky Automobile Plant A. Busygin. He came in 1930 to the construction site of an auto giant from the Vetluzhsky forests, from a small village. He couldn't write or read. I worked as a carpenter on a construction site and studied hard. When the factory was opened, Alexander became a machine oiler, and then a steam hammer blacksmith, gradually mastering one car after another, became a station wagon blacksmith. He was appointed foreman. On the hammer, Busygin processed crankshafts. What is his merit? He assigned all operations to certain people, that is, he specialized the members of the brigade. The foreman explained to the team members how to load the furnace correctly, how to take the workpiece from it, feed it to the hammer, in order to avoid unnecessary movements and thus save working time. Only 27 seconds. Busygin's team began to spend money on processing one shaft.

Pyotr Krivonos is a fellow countryman of mine, from the Donbass. The Order of Lenin glittered on his chest. Even before the start of the Stakhanov movement, he did a great job on his locomotive and earned a high award. Krivonos became the initiator of a new movement in railway transport. He doubled the technical speed of the freight train, bringing it to 46-47 km per hour. At that time, only passenger trains had this speed. Krivonos knew the locomotive very well, was well oriented on his section of track, remembered where the descent was, where the ascent was, or where the turn was. This allowed him to maintain high speed, breaking the old technical standards.

Dusya Vinogradova, a weaver, was only 21 years old in 1935. Together with her shift worker and friend Marusya Vinogradova (many thought they were sisters), she worked at the Vichug Nogin factory. Usually the weavers worked on 26 automatic machines, and the Vinogradovs started working on 40 machines each, then switched to 144, then to 216! We have all heard about Nikolai Smetanin , a shoe worker at the Leningrad Skorokhod factory. His record was a direct response to the records in the Donbas. Nikolai worked on the binding of men's shoes. Three female workers were preparing the blanks before him. Smetanin suggested adding a fourth employee to the team. On September 21, 1935, he pulled 1,400 pairs of shoes for a change, while the norm was 680 pairs. In October, he already gave 1,860 pairs of shoes per shift.

In Arkhangelsk, at the timber chemical plant, worked as a frame builder V. Musinsky. The technical norm of the sawmill frame of the Swedish company Bolinder, where he worked, was 95 cubic meters. Musinsky decided to block it. It increased the speed of sending logs during sawing and reached first 130 cubic meters per shift, and then 313 cubic meters, which significantly exceeded the productivity of machines in Swedish sawmills. Ivan Gudov exceeded the norm by 14 times. On his milling machine, he adapted 12 cutters to work simultaneously at once.

Many innovators who came to Moscow spoke from the Grandstand of the Grand Kremlin Palace about their achievements and shared their experience. The meeting of the Stakhanovites lasted for four days. Dyukanov and Petrov informed the audience about the work of our Tsentralnaya - Irmino mine. I also spoke at the meeting. With great attention-

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We listened to speeches by the leaders of the party and government - K. E. Voroshilov, A. A. Zhdanov, A. I. Mikoyan, V. M. Molotov, G. K. Ordzhonikidze, and I. V. Stalin. They talked about the significance of the new movement, its essence and roots.

And how many interesting things were told by comrades who came from all over our great Motherland. Here, for example, is the head of the Moscow-Sortirovochnaya station of the Kazan Railway, N. A. Pichugin, a former switchman of the Ryazan station. He talked about how, having joined the movement of innovators, the employees of Sortirovochnaya station rebuilt their work and increased the number of trains sent. T. I. Odintsovo, a weaver of the Rodnikovsky combine "Bolshevik" of the Ivanovo region, competed with Dusya and Marusya Vinogradov. From the rostrum of the meeting, she announced new commitments that she had made in the competition with Vichug weavers. When A. Y. Sorokova, a steelworker at the Comintern plant in Dnepropetrovsk, got the floor to speak, the chairman, Sergo Ordzhonikidze, announced:: "This fellow gives records not for two days, but for three months." Using new methods of work, he reduced the time of each cast iron smelting first by 30, and then by 40 minutes, which allowed to significantly increase the output of metal.

The youngest participant of the meeting was Kolya Kuryanov, a seventeen-year-old turner from the city of Kuibyshev. He came from a collective farm and entered the Federal Medical School, where he studied to be a turner. He studied well and was a drummer. He entered the factory, passed the technical school on "excellent" and began to work on a complex machine. When the movement of innovators for high labor productivity began, Kolya joined it and began to exceed the norm by one and a half times, then undertook to train other workers... One by one, coal miners, oil workers, textile workers, metallurgists, machine builders, railway workers, shoe makers came to the podium. The audience listened attentively to their stories about how the passionate desire to master the technique bore fruit and led to new victories. Every time I left the Grand Kremlin Palace, I thought of the creative activity of the Soviet working class, of its dedication to the great cause of building socialism.

The central press widely informed Soviet workers about the meeting. Almost all the speeches of the innovators in the Kremlin were published in Pravda and other newspapers. The experience of leading manufacturers became the property of millions. Participants of the All-Union Conference after its end spoke to the workers of factories, factories, mines, and mines. The movement for high labor productivity has spread not only to industry, but also to agriculture. The initiators of this movement in the village were Ukrainian collective farmers - masters of beet fields Maria Demchenko and Maria Gnatenko, tractor driver of the Staro-Beshevskaya MTS of the Donetsk region Praskovya Angelina, as well as combine harvester of the Saratov region Semyon Rasputin, combine harvester of the Orenburg region Fedor Kolesov, Kuban combine harvester Konstantin Borin, tractor driver Praskovya Kovardak. In the dry summer of 1935, M. Demchenko and M. Gnatenko with their links collected more than 500 centners of beet from each hectare. This was the beginning of the movement of five - hundred-year-old beet growers. P. Angelina, P. Kovardak set production records on Soviet tractors. In 1935, the team of P. Angelina, for example, produced an average of 1225 hectares per tractor. Combine harvesters in the fields of the Volga region, Orenburg region, and Kuban have exceeded the usual standards many times.

On December 21-25, 1935, the Plenum of the Central Committee of the Party discussed the development of industry and transport in connection with the Stakhanov movement. About 3 thousand business executives, engineers, technicians, and advanced workers took part in the work of the Plenum. The resolution of the Plenum noted that during the first and second five-year plans "the greatest efforts of the party and the state, the heroic struggle of the working class, the efforts of the whole country... a powerful socialist industry was created, equipped with the latest technology and became the basis for the reconstruction of the entire national economy." The development of industry and railway transport "combined with the elimination of the last capitalist class - the kulaks and the remnants of the exploiting classes, with the abolition of exploitation in the Soviet country, with the transformation of labor into a matter of honor, glory, valor and heroism, with a radical improvement in the material situation of the workers, with the growth of their political consciousness and activity, led to a rapid development in our country the country of the Stakhanov movement. The Stakhanov movement is the result of all our development on the road to socialism.-

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socialism, the result of the victory of socialism in our country"1 . The decisions of the Plenum contained a specific program for the deployment of the Stakhanov movement for the main industries, taking into account the specifics of their state, technical and raw material base. The Plenum recommended that "the Stakhanov movement should be fully developed", first of all in the extractive industries-coal and ore, oil, as well as in ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, construction, mechanical engineering, and chemistry. Much attention was paid in the decisions of the Plenum to the technical training of the working class and to the improvement and expansion of the field of technical training. 2 The Plenum recommended organizing on-the-job special courses in socialist labor for advanced innovative workers. The decisions of the December Plenum of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) (1935), embodying the experience of thousands upon thousands of advanced workers in production, were unanimously approved by the party and the working class. Meetings of party activists and grassroots party organizations were held all over the country. The Leninist Party, relying on the decisions of the December Plenum, led the national movement for high labor productivity. Soon after the meeting, we received good news at the mine: a group of miners was awarded the Order of Lenin and the Red Banner of Labor. I was also awarded a high award...

It's been more than 35 years since I set the first record. A lot has changed now in our mines, the specialties of miners have changed. Instead of slaughterers, bulk dumpers - combine drivers, instead of creepers-mechanized support drivers. You can only read about such professions as horse breeder or brakeman in books, and you can only see our miner's obushok in the museum. 35 years ago, a movement of innovators and leaders for increasing labor productivity was born in the Donbass region, which covered the entire country. In the intervening years, new forms of socialist competition have emerged. Today, its highest form is the competition of workers for the honorary title of collectives and shock workers of communist labor. In our mine administration No. 2-43 of the Torezanthracite plant, 15 precincts and 23 teams participate in the competition for a communist attitude to work. Based on the results of work in 1970, 5 sections and workshops and 11 brigades were awarded the title "Collective of Communist Labor". The honorary title of "Drummer of Communist labor" was won by 196 people. The enthusiasm of the current generation always brings back to me the unforgettable 1930s, when the Soviet people, under the banner of Marxism - Leninism and under the leadership of the Communist Party, successfully built the world's first socialist society, overcoming all difficulties and obstacles.

1 " Decisions of the Party and Government on economic issues (1917-1967)", vol. 2, Moscow, 1967, p. 559.

2 Ibid., pp. 562-568.

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