On September 18-22, 2012, Ulan-Ude hosted the Third International Scientific Conference "The World of Central Asia", organized by the Institute of Mongolian Studies, Buddhology and Tibetology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Government of the Republic of Buryatia with the support of the Russian Humanitarian Science Foundation.

The conference was attended by 372 researchers from 15 countries: Mongolia, Japan, India, China, Korea, USA, Norway, Hungary, Poland, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkey and from 16 cities of the Russian Federation: Moscow, St. Petersburg, Elista, Ufa, Yekaterinburg, Barnaul, Omsk, Novosibirsk, Kemerovo, Abakan, Kyzyl, Irkutsk, Chita, Ulan-Ude, Yakutsk, Vladivostok.

336 reports were heard. The conference discussed the history and culture of the nomadic peoples of Central Asia, the formation of nomadic societies and cultures, the anthropology of early nomads, traditional worldview and religions, the peoples of Central Asia in modern geopolitics, literature, writing and language of the Mongolian-speaking peoples of Central Asia.

The conference was held in seven sections: "History and Modernity of Central Asia", "International relations and Geopolitics in Central Asia", "Archaeological cultures and ethnography of the peoples of Central Asia", "Social changes and stratification processes in Central Asia", "Philosophy and Religion in the socio-cultural space of Central Asia", "Folklore of Mongolian-speaking peoples: areal and stadium aspects", "Languages and written language of the peoples of Central Asia".

In his opening speech, Corresponding Member, Director of IMBT SB RAS. B. V. Bazarov drew the attention of the audience to the fact that the third conference "The World of Central Asia" coincided with the 90th anniversary of the Institute and was a kind of review of scientific forces and its achievements, made it possible to clarify future research plans, strengthen cooperation with former partners and establish new contacts.

The plenary session opened with a joint report by Academician-Secretary of the Department of Historical and Philological Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director of the Institute of Archeology and Ethnography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Acad. A. P. Derevyanko, A. I. Krivoshapkin, and K. A. Kolobova "Results of the study of the Paleolithic of Central Asia". The speakers reviewed the latest Paleolithic research in world archaeology. Special attention is paid to the research conducted in Central Asia (Obi-Rakhmat; Dodek-1, 2; Kattasai, Kulbulak, Kyzyl-Alma 2; Kuturbulak; Dzharkutan; Shugnou; Teshik-Tash 2; Khuji; Honako). The main results of the study of the Stone Age of Central Asia: the cultural and chronological interpretation of the lower cultural layers of the Kulbulak site is revised in the direction of rejecting the Early Paleolithic age and the Acheulean interpretation of the complex; the facies differentiation of the Middle Paleolithic of the region is revised; the Obirahmat variant of the transition from the Middle to the Upper Paleolithic is justified and its specifics are determined; the interpretation of the Upper Paleolithic history of the region is revised. The Kulbulak Upper Paleolithic tradition is highlighted.

In the report of the Head of the Center for Political Anthropology of the Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far East of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, corresponding member. N. N. Kradina, Russian Academy of Sciences (Vladivostok) discussed the results of cooperation between IMBT SB RAS and scientists of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the field of research of nomadic civilizations. The speaker elaborated on the main ideas and concepts presented in the multi-volume publication "The Mongol Empire and the Nomadic World" (Ulan-Ude, 2004), implemented jointly by the staff of the IMBT SB RAS and the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

B. V. Bazarov's report "Nomadic societies of Asia and Eurasian civilization: the social potential of history" noted that the Mongolian peoples for thousands of years formed a unique historical and cultural space, the economic basis of which was nomadic cattle breeding. The speaker comes to the conclusion that the Mongolian peoples of Inner Asia are experiencing common socio-economic and demographic problems for transitional societies. The distinctive features of the new social system were the polarization of income and a rigid social and property hierarchy. Mongolia, like Russia, has faced negative results of many years of refusal to recognize the importance of socio-cultural factors, which has led to a break in intergenerational ties and the loss of some of the most important socio-psychological traditions.

Alexander Zheleznyakov, Head of the Center for Political Science and Sociology of Politics at the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow), reviewed the key stages of strategic cooperation between Russia and Mongolia. He described different periods of relations between the two countries, analyzed the benefits and omissions associated with untapped opportunities, objective and subjective conditions that promoted or hindered mutually beneficial cooperation, and described the current geopolitical situation in the region.

Report of N. Khishigt, Scientific Secretary of the Institute of History of the Academy of Sciences of Mongolia (Ulaanbaatar) It was devoted to scientific relations between the Institute and IMBT SB RAS.

The report of K. Tanaka (Tokyo, Japan) considered the place and role of Buryat-Mongolia in the concepts of Siberian oblastnichestvo.

Section "History and Modernity of Central Asia".

V. V. Graivoronsky (Moscow) in his report "Mongolian studies at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences: current state and problems" spoke about the main directions of Mongolian studies at the Institute, about the most significant publications of the staff devoted to poorly researched and topical problems of Mongolian studies, including in the field of studying and analyzing the experience of modernizing political, economic, social and cultural systems life in modern Mongolia.

Mikhail Golman (Moscow) in his report "Victory of the Democrats" analyzed the political situation in Mongolia after the 2012 parliamentary elections, which the speaker regards as a major step forward in strengthening democracy.

The report of R. Y. Pochekaev (St. Petersburg) considered the peculiarities of the development of Mongolian law at the turn of the XVI-XVII centuries. The speaker pointed out the importance of using as sources for the study of this problem the laws of the southern Mongols (Tumet and Ordos) of the Altan Khan Code and the Khutuktai-Sechen-Khuntaiji law, which until recently were not actually used by researchers who were limited to analyzing the monuments of Khalkhas ("Eighteen Steppe Laws", "Khalkha Jirum") and Oirat ("Their Caaz") legislation.

O. Kapolnas (Budapest, Hungary) based on a study of Mongolian historical sources tried to find out: who was the father of Genghis Khan? The speaker points out discrepancies between the "Hidden Legend" and other historical chronicles that present different versions of Genghis Khan's origin.

I. O. Peshkov (Poznań, Poland) presented a paper entitled "Qing Mongolia in the perspective of postcolonial Theory". The speaker believes that the study of Inner Asia requires a balanced assessment of the effectiveness of a new scientific dictionary for studying the colonial practices of the Qing government. E. T. Artemov (Yekaterinburg) in his report "The Urals in the' Eastern shift ' of Russian civilization "formulates a hypothesis about the changing place and role of the Urals in the development of the country. The essence of this process, according to the speaker, is the gradual loss of such a quality as peripherality by the region and its convergence in a number of fundamental characteristics with the civilizational-country "core".

Tsch. Dashdavaa (Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia), considering issues related to determining the nature of the Mongolian revolution, comes to the conclusion that not only the world, but also the Mongolian experience shows that the bourgeois-democratic revolution is precisely the boundary that eliminates medieval backwardness and, opening the way to modern civilization, ensures human rights and freedoms.

Bao Geriltu (Tokyo, Japan) devoted his report to the history of the establishment of the Bureau for the Development of Virgin Lands in Inner Mongolia in 1902. V. N. Tuguzhekova (Abakan) described the contribution of the well-known scientist N. F. Katanov to the study of the history and culture of the peoples of Siberia and the Far East.-

exact Turkestan. The merits of the researcher in studying the history and culture of the peoples of the East, a comprehensive description of languages, traditional and new forms of economic and social life, everyday life, folklore and spiritual life of the peoples of the region are noted.

V. I. Dyatlov (Irkutsk) investigated the mechanisms of adaptation of representatives of migrant minorities in the resettlement society of the East of late imperial Russia. The author comes to the conclusion that collective strategies for integrating minorities into the resettled society of eastern Russia have demonstrated that the diaspora is not a given and not a predestination. As a specific way of life and type of human relationships and connections, this phenomenon demonstrates a huge variety of options and a striking dynamic of internal transformation.

Section "International Relations and Geopolitics in Central Asia".

A. Patnaik's report (Delhi, India) was devoted to the analysis of the geopolitical situation in Central Asia and assessment of the applied geopolitical concepts. Various researchers have tried to express the essence of the geopolitical situation in Central Asia in terms of the "New Big Game". Zbigniew Brzezinski called the region a " Big chessboard." These views were based on the fact that the Central Asian states are allegedly unable to solve the region's problems without external intervention. Nevertheless, the experience of the last two decades has clearly shown the involvement of the Central Asian States in the global development process. They have managed to use various strategies to counterbalance the interference of external forces and have gained maximum benefits for themselves. From the very beginning, Turkmenistan adhered to the strategy of neutrality. Uzbekistan "swayed" from one center of power to another, avoiding "playing second fiddle to any powerful partner." Kazakhstan used the concept of Eurasianism and a multi-vector foreign policy to balance the influence of influential external forces. Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, while remaining open to Russia, used economic ties with China and cooperated with the United States in ensuring Afghan stability.

S. Deshpande's report (Mumbai, India) defined the role of India in the geopolitics of Central Asia and noted the significant historical and cultural ties that have connected India and the Central Asian countries since ancient times. At present, India's rapidly growing economic and military potential and its credibility in the international arena make it possible to achieve greater stability and predictability in international relations. The report by A. Mohanty (New Delhi, India) assessed the role of Russia in the integration processes of Central Asia. Considering economic, political, military, migration, and energy issues, the speaker noted that Russia's activity has recently increased due to effective bilateral relations and its participation in various international organizations and unions. Report A. Ono (Shitsuoka, Japan) was dedicated to the genocide of the Mongolian people during the Cultural Revolution in China. The author set out to show how the socialist ideology, which "erases ethnic borders along with ethnic identity", is used by large state-forming nations to suppress national minorities.

In the report of L. V. Kalmina (Ulan-Ude) "Geopolitical trend in the economic modernization of Transbaikalia at the beginning of the XX century", it was noted that the change in the foreign policy situation and the threat of loss of the European market at the beginning of the XX century. They contributed to the orientation of the Russian economy to the East. Transbaikalia was to become an industrial springboard for the subsequent inclusion of Central Asian space in the orbit of the economic and political influence of the Russian Empire. Tsarism's plans to involve Central Asia in its sphere of interests contributed to the rapid modernization of the economy of the marginal region of the empire.

M. A. Rakhimov (Tashkent, Uzbekistan) in his report "Central Asia in the context of forming a broad partnership on the Asian continent" notes that with the collapse of the Soviet Union, objective conditions and the need for multilateral cooperation required the newly independent countries of Central Asia to search for new forms of relations and cooperation in various fields of economy, politics, and culture. As a result, the republics of the region became co-founders of the CIS, the SCO and a number of other regional organizations. However, their effectiveness varies. Thus, while the SCO and partly the CIS remained successful in institutional development and in the implementation of some projects, the CCA was largely inactive. According to the speaker, the expansion of cooperation between the Central Asian countries and leading states, regional and international organizations for the revival of the economy of the region is important.

The Great Silk Road transport and communication route provides for: conducting joint scientific research by scientists from Central Asia and foreign countries on the history of the Great Silk Road and the current dynamics of its development; comprehensive study of international experience in integration processes; development of international tourism in the region, whose potential is not used enough, and therefore it is advisable to develop comprehensive programs; expanding international use communication infrastructure of Central Asian countries. Afghanistan's transit potential is important for the development of transport links between Central and South Asia.

In Report X. Umarov (Dushanbe, Tajikistan) discussed cross-border aspects of the development of trade and economic relations between Tajikistan and Afghanistan, which are of great importance for the implementation of a number of projects that go far beyond bilateral relations and acquire transcontinental significance. These include: a) construction of a cascade of Panj hydroelectric power plants; b) project for the integrated socio-economic development of the Panj River basin; c) project for the construction of the Trans-Afghan Railway with access to Tajikistan and subsequent connection to the Trans-Siberian Railway.

G. M. Smagulova and A. Serdkhan (Karaganda, Kazakhstan) devoted their presentation to the integration policy of Kazakhstan, which they consider as a factor of stability in the Central Asian region. In this regard, the idea of the President of Kazakhstan N. A. Nazarbayev to create a Union of Central Asian states that could solve a number of problems in the region becomes relevant. These include the rational use of water and energy resources, the creation of a common transport infrastructure, a food consortium, etc. The countries of the Central Asian region, being members of the CSTO, SCO, CICA (Conference on Interaction and Confidence-building Measures in Asia) and EurAsEC, can build their partnership relations with regional integration structures at the bilateral and multilateral levels. Unfortunately, today only the Republic of Kazakhstan is the initiator of such integration processes. The sequence of its actions presupposes new levels of interaction with the leading powers of both Europe and Asia.

T. Nakami (Tokyo, Japan) in his report "Babujap and his Wandering Army: the Declaration of Independence, World War I, and the Soviet Civil War in Inner Mongolia, 1911-1921" set out to trace the fate of Babujap, a native of Inner Mongolia, and his struggle to create a "Greater Mongolia" by uniting Inner and Outer Mongolia into a single state. an independent state. Due to his anti-German activities, Babujap became known to Tsar Nicholas II in 1915, but then he refocused on the Japanese, who tried to use his army against Yuan Shikai. In October 1917. with the joint efforts of local Chinese militarists and the support of Russian troops, Babujap's detachments were defeated, and he himself died. The remnants of his army became part of the Semenov division, as well as detachments of Ungern, who occupied Outer Mongolia. This occupation was the beginning of the people's revolution in Mongolia in 1921.

B. Doster (Istanbul, Turkey) in his report "The importance of Central Asian energy resources and the growing role of the SCO and Turkey's policy in the region" touched upon the issues of geopolitics. Central Asia is rich in energy resources. The author considers Russia, China and the United States to be the leading players in this space. The speaker notes that joint energy projects with Russia are important for Turkey, which strengthens Turkey's position in its relations with the European Union. But now Turkey is faced with a dilemma - to what extent it serves its own national interests in the region, and to what extent it serves as a tool in promoting the interests of the United States, with which it is politically connected. The issue has become even more urgent and acute in the light of the "Arab Spring". The answer to the question: "Who will solve this dilemma and how?" the author left the question open in his report, although he acknowledged that a lot depends on his decision for Turkey.

In the report of E. V. Alekseeva (Yekaterinburg), methodological aspects of the problem of interaction between the peoples of Central Asia and Russia were considered. The speaker noted that as a result of the expansion of the geopolitical influence of the Mongol Empire, new products, goods, and technologies were distributed over vast Eurasian spaces, and many local innovations were brought to life. The Mongols contributed to the formation of such signs of Russian civilization as autocracy, centralism, serfdom. In conclusion, it was noted that the Turkic influence broadly covered the area of Russian governance, monetary management, etc.-

social security, finance, military affairs and equipment, national psychology, etc. In the course of long-term interaction, the genetic fund of ethnic groups that inhabited the Russian territory was formed, cultures were interpenetrated, and a Turkic-Slavic community was created.

Sergey Chugrov (Moscow) compares the image of Russia in Japan and the image of Japan in Russia. In general, Russians treat Japan better than the Japanese do Russia. The artificial politicization of the problem of the "northern territories", which the Japanese authorities use to rally the nation, has an impact. At the same time, the image of Japan in Russia has recently become increasingly pragmatic and sober, which leads to a gradual decline in the attractiveness of Japan in the eyes of Russians.

The report of G. T. Telebayev (Almaty, Kazakhstan) analyzed the potential of cooperation in Central Asia. For most Central Asian countries, the speaker notes, the natural factor contributing to integration is the community of origin. Given the importance of blood relations for their mentality, it is not difficult to assume that common Turkic roots, common ancestors, and kinship relations are of particular importance in this context. The 70-year Soviet history has left the most significant mark on the peoples of Central Asia. It has created political and economic conditions that still favorably affect Central Asian integration. The Soviet past strengthened the cultural, linguistic, and mental affinity of the peoples of Central Asia. A unified education system, a unified cultural infrastructure, powerful propaganda, a single Cyrillic alphabet - all this led to the formation of common cultural and political stereotypes and attitudes. However, it should be borne in mind that the current geopolitical location of the Central Asian countries, their proximity to such major powers as Russia and China, objectively pushes them to integrate. At the same time, the presence in the immediate neighborhood of one of the most "hot spots", Afghanistan, and the problem of combating terrorist groups, drug transit, and the influx of refugees require coordination of efforts.

Assessing Kazakhstan's relations with its Central Asian neighbors, the speaker notes, one can come to a somewhat paradoxical conclusion. The greatest economic confrontation is possible between Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan due to the countries ' performance of similar functions as suppliers to the world oil and gas market. At the same time, only Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan can be the most desirable trade partner and economic ally in the construction of new oil and gas pipelines in the region for Kazakhstan. In addition, despite the desire for food self-sufficiency, Uzbekistan, with its population of almost 30 million, can become a very attractive market for rural producers in Russia. Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan are less interesting and less problematic for Kazakhstan: Kyrgyzstan due to its proximity and smaller economic potential, Tajikistan - due to some remoteness.

Section "Archaeological cultures and ethnography of the peoples of Central Asia".

Dmitry Vasiliev (Moscow) spoke about the results of the epigraphic expedition of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Southern Siberia and about new finds of Turkic runic inscriptions. One of the most ambitious projects in recent years related to field research of Turkic antiquities in the Russian Federation has been the multidisciplinary research of archaeologists, ethnologists, historians and natural scientists in the vicinity of the ancient Uighur fortress of Por-Bazhyn in Tuva. During the survey of the surroundings of the lake. Tere-Khol and excavations of the fortress revealed two Turkic runic inscriptions. Research in the vicinity of the lake valley will continue. It would be highly desirable to re-make copies of the Selenga, Terkha and Karabalgasun inscriptions located in Northern Mongolia, as previous publications are full of omissions in the text and lacunae that need to be clarified. This can provide new information about the history of Por-Bazhyn and its creators. A research team of orientalists in the course of field work in the Kara-Bulun Tuvan tract on the right bank of the Yenisei River revealed seven previously unknown rock runic inscriptions of the Uyghur period. The inscriptions are left by visitors to the sanctuary on the path through the pass and are of a prayerful and benevolent nature. The most recent finds were inscriptions in the north of Khakassia. Following the route of the expeditions of scientists of the late XIX century, the Institute's expedition examined previously unknown inscriptions on the slabs of one of the mounds of the Tagar period in the Orgenek tract, which can be associated with Manichaean mythology.

P. B. Konovalov (Ulan-Ude) studied the problems of the Central Asian nomadic civilization and the cultural and historical identity of the Mongolian peoples. The speaker came to the conclusion that the early Xiongnu, that is, the tribes of the era before the formation of the Mode state, were called-

During many centuries of contact with the Di / Dili tribes, elements of their cultures were absorbed (there was an integration and leveling of cultures, expressed in funerary structures, rituals, clothing complex, fine arts, etc.). In this form, the Xiongnu archaeological complex came to the steppes of Mongolia as a state imperial culture, monolithic and peculiar. Here, in the arid semi-desert, steppe and mountain steppe spaces, the Xiongnu became the successors of nomadic pastoral culture and the creators of nomadic civilization, but with the minimum necessary elements of sedentary settlement complexes against the background of the widespread nomadic type of life of the main mass of the population. The further evolution of this civilization took place in the state formations of the Xianbian state, the Zhuzhan, Turkic, Uyghur khaganates, the Khitan and Mongol empires.

T. Inouye's report (Sapporo, Japan) "Power and medicine: vaccination among the Kalmyks" analyzed the interaction of the Russian tsarist administration with representatives of the Buddhist Kalmyk clergy to vaccinate the population of Kalmykia in the early 19th century.

The report of M. M. Khaidarov (Uzbekistan) was devoted to the geoclimatic and demographic features of ethnic areas. Migrations and the development of new territories by ethnic groups contributed to the expansion of their habitats or the formation of closely related peoples in new territories. At the same time, the settlement of peoples took place mainly in territories with similar climatic conditions. Climatic features largely determine the culture of the people. The commonality of climatic conditions often leads to some mental community. Islam is historically widespread in the most arid regions of Asia and North Africa, as well as the wettest regions of South Asia. Location at a particular latitude, the presence or absence of winter, its temperature indicators-all this affects the cultural characteristics of peoples and the course of their historical development. The study of the most warlike peoples allows us to conclude that a frosty winter is one of the factors of high military qualities of peoples. Examples include the Turkic peoples, Mongols, Vikings, and their descendants, the Germans.

A.V. Psyanchin's report (Ufa) discussed the history of ethnic mapping of Central Asia and adjacent territories (XVII-early XX centuries). The annexation of new lands to the Russian state led to the development of geographical research and mapping of these territories. The travels of Russian merchants and military personnel provided abundant material for Embassy and Discharge orders. One important aspect of the centralization and expansion of the state's borders should be noted - these processes were reflected in the expansion and refinement of ethnographic knowledge and information about the population's occupations. To date, the most successful old maps are used mainly to identify natural and anthropogenic changes in the natural environment of certain territories. However, when studying the population, ethnic history and the history of peoples ' settlement, cartographic materials are not used enough, although they could be successfully used to solve some issues of the ethnic history of the people, their settlement, migration routes, etc.

The collective report of S. V. Danilov, N. V. Imenokhoev, B. Z. Nanzatov, A. I. Simukhin (Ulan-Ude), A. Ochir, and L. Erdenbold (Ulaanbaatar) described the work of an international expedition to create an electronic map of ancient and medieval cities in Central Asia. On behalf of the Russian side, employees of the Institute for the Study of Nomadic Civilizations of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences took part in the work, and on behalf of the Mongolian side, scientists of the UNESCO Institute for the Study of Nomadic Civilizations took part. During the expedition, field research was conducted on the territory of the Republic of Buryatia (administrative districts: Ivolginsky, Selenginsky, Dzhidinsky, Kyakhtinsky, Mukhorshibrsky); Trans-Baikal Territory (Borzinsky district); the Republic of Tyva (administrative districts: Kyzylsky, Tandinsky, Ulug-Khemsky, Dzun-Khemchik, Barun-Khemchik, Bai-Taiginsky, Ovyursky).. In Mongolia, the research was conducted on the territory of the following aimags: Ubsunur, Zavkhan, Khubsugul, Arakhangai, Uburkhangai, Bulgan, Central, Khentei, Dornod, Sukhebator, and East Gobi. All the monuments were photographed, videofixed, shot eye plans, and described. During two years of work (2010-2011), the expedition examined more than 70 ancient settlements and settlements.

In the course of the work, it turned out that there were some local features in the distribution of monuments. On the territory of Buryatia, there were monuments of the Xiongnu and Mongol times (no Uighur and Khitan settlements were found here). Uyghurs settlements were found in Tyva-

There are also some monuments of the presumably Manchu period (the Xiongnu and Khitan monuments were not marked here). On the territory of the Trans-Baikal Territory there were monuments of the Mongol period and the remains of Khitan fortresses (no monuments of the Xiongnu and Uyghurs were found here). On the territory of Mongolia, the Tola, Kerulen, Onon, and Orkhon River basins were the most rich in monuments, where there were ancient settlements of the Xiongnu, Uyghurs, Khitans, and Mongols. In Eastern Mongolia, a number of monuments have been identified, the historical and cultural identity of which is difficult to determine without excavations. Это Сумтийн турь, Довджо, Олон булаг довджо, Олон байшин, Башинтын дэрс и др.

L. S. Marsadolov (Novosibirsk) considered the basics of sacred scientific knowledge among the Huns of Transbaikalia. Archaeological materials testify to the level of knowledge of the Huns of Transbaikalia in mathematics (counting and geometry), who used them in their daily and sacred activities. When marking images and objects, they used a rectangle and a square, equilateral and isosceles triangles and a rhombus, a right angle, a circle, a straight and oblique cross, a "golden" section, a" step pyramid " and other shapes. Nomads used their skills in geometric marking not only to create simple and complex compositions on everyday and religious objects, but also to build temporary and permanent settlements, dwellings, necropolises, temples, altars, and for other purposes.

M. Rees (Annapolis, USA) devoted his report to the reflection of relations between the nomadic and sedentary populations of Central Asia in classical Uzbek literature, in particular in Abdulla Kadiri's novel "Utgan Kunlar" ("Past Days"). The speaker believes that some chapters of the novel allow drawing parallels with the relations that developed between Uzbeks and Kyrgyz in the 1980s.

The report of B. Z. Nanzatov (Ulan-Ude) was devoted to the situation of Sart-Kalmaks in modern Kyrgyzstan. The Sart-Kalmaks are a small group of Oirat origin living today in the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, preserving their Oirat and more - Mongolian identity. The life of the Sart-Kalmaks in modern Kyrgyzstan, the speaker notes, is not easy: the political, economic and social instability that characterizes the current situation in Kyrgyzstan contributes to the growth of tension and in interethnic relations, the titular people of the country are trying to blame the numerous problems in Kyrgyzstan on ethnic minorities, including the Sart-Kalmaks. Under these conditions, the ethnic identity of this small nation is being updated and strengthened, and ties are being established with the Mongolian community - the Kalmyks of Russia, the Oirats of the PRC.

Section "Social changes and stratification processes in Central Asia".

The report of D. Bold-Erdene (Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia) analyzed the results of the parliamentary elections from 1990 to 2008.The speaker came to the conclusion that in the conditions of Mongolia, a "mixed" form combining a majority and proportional representation system is most acceptable.

The report of Z. A. Danilova (Ulan-Ude) analyzed the risks of developing the intellectual potential of the Baikal region. The speaker believes that Buryatia has a fairly high level of intellectual potential development, but there is an imbalance in the training of specialists, the outflow of highly qualified personnel, the aging of the scientific and educational staff, and insufficient funding for research work. In a changing environment, some qualified intellectuals, mainly lawyers, financiers, managers, programmers, teachers, and doctors, find applications for their knowledge and experience. At the same time, a significant part of intellectual workers, including technical specialists, engineers, teachers, researchers, and others, continue to experience material difficulties, emigrate to other fields of activity, and switch to work outside of their specialty. Reducing the risks of developing intellectual potential should become a strategic priority, since the effective functioning of a country or a specific territory depends primarily on the level of introduction of innovative technologies, new high-tech developments and research.

The economy of the Central Asian states on the eve of the second wave of the global crisis was considered in the report of E. M. Kuzmina (Moscow). International financial institutions and national governments give a fairly positive forecast for the development of the economies of the Central Asian states in the near future. Although countries in the region may see some declines

parameters in case of deterioration of the economic situation in the main partners-China, Russia and the EU-on the second wave of the crisis, but they will not be catastrophic.

The report of D. D. Badaraev (Ulan-Ude) was based on the results of an expedition to Western Mongolia on September 5-23, 2011, during which sociological materials were collected on the current situation of Western Mongols in order to study their socio-economic, socio-cultural situation. The field sociological study was conducted in a rural environment of Mongolian society with a complex ethnostructural formation, with a specific geopolitical location - on the border with China. Market relations are developing rapidly, and the local population has adapted well to the changing socio-economic conditions. At the same time, there are difficult housing and socio-economic living conditions, low incomes, high unemployment, limited areas and markets for local products. There is an outflow of young people to the cities in order to get an education and find better living conditions. However, according to the speaker, all these factors do not significantly affect the decrease in the number of Somon residents. Somon remains a strategically important point in Mongolia, a link in relations with China, and is also of great interest to the Chinese side in terms of its rich mineral resource base, as evidenced by the active participation of the "southern neighbor" in the construction of roads for heavy vehicles in the Kobdos aimag. Taking into account these factors, the territory under consideration has positive prospects and potential for further socio-economic development.

A.V. Vinokurova (Vladivostok) reviewed the main trends in the development of Russian-Chinese relations in Primorsky Krai. The speaker focused on the demographic aspect of the problem. In her opinion, the uniqueness of the demographic situation in Primorsky Krai is not just in the formation of massive cross-border flows of labor migrants and the steady dynamics of this process, but in the increasing role of this factor in the economic, ethno-cultural, and political sphere. An increase in the influx of migrants with a low level of education and, consequently, with a low cultural level is turning into a social problem. Poorly educated migrants flood coastal cities, shock the local population with their behavior, and create instability. In general, the prospects for socio-economic and demographic development of the region are largely determined by the development of migration processes. The conceptual task is to manage migration processes.

Yu. G. Byuraeva, T. O. Subanakova, and G. V. Gann (all in Ulan-Ude) made a presentation on the methodology developed in the Department of Regional Economic Research of the BSC SB RAS for assessing the living conditions and competitiveness of the territory of Buryatia, which is characterized by a combination of objective (statistical) and subjective measurements. The assessment was carried out in three areas: the socio-economic situation of the district, its place in the economy of the macroregion; the competitiveness of municipalities in the district; and the socio-economic situation of the population. Two main indicators were determined: the integral index of social well-being (the calculation of which is based on the methodology used in the international project "Eurasian Monitor") and the integral index of the state of the social environment (the principle of its assessment is based on the methodology for determining the quality of life index developed by employees of the Faculty of Geography of Moscow State University). The method was tested in two rural areas of the Republic of Buryatia bordering Mongolia and one bordering the Trans - Baikal Territory. As a result, a low level of quality of life and satisfaction with its conditions were revealed, which does not allow us to speak about the competitive development of border areas. Studies have shown that there are no significant differences in the level of development of the social environment of the border and internal territories of the republic.

E. I. Zelenev (St. Petersburg) in his report "The struggle for influence in the proto-global world: geopolitics and / or geoculture" gave an assessment of modern political and civilizational relations in the world and stressed that today political and economic determinism is being replaced by cultural determinism. In the new conditions, culture must "learn to do something independently", and the likely area of application of millennia-old cultural skills is communication, and the most diverse areas - intercultural, intercivilizational, interstate, interpersonal, etc. Among the generally accepted functions of culture in the life of society and people, the communicative function is sometimes not even mentioned, although today, according to the speaker, it is becoming increasingly important and fateful. Perhaps, it is in the sphere of

In order to form the "spirit of global neighborhood", it is necessary to look for ways to solve local problems of the modern world globally.

Section "Philosophy and Religion in the socio-cultural space of Central Asia".

B. Viper's report (Annapolis, USA)" Footprints of the Buddha and the Prophets: Central Asia at the Intersection of the Bible and Buddhism " attempted to draw parallels between Buddhist and biblical mythology. The author considers Central Asia as a "crossroads" between Asian Buddhist and Biblical Near-Asian cultures and civilizations.

S. M. Anikeeva and V. G. Lysenko (both from Moscow) spoke about the publication of the proceedings of the Institute of Biotechnologies of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the publishing house "Vostochnaya Literatura". In particular, the encyclopedia "Philosophy of Buddhism", published in 2011 under the editorship of M. T. Stepanyants, was presented, in the creation of which the staff of IMBT SB RAS also took an active part.

E. A. Alexandrova (Moscow) considered methodological issues of teaching the basics of religious culture of the world. T. V. Bernyukevich's report (Chita) analyzed the "conceptual sphere" of perception of Buddhist ideas in Russian philosophy. The author came to the conclusion that the content of Buddhist concepts in the works of Russian philosophers not only indicates the influence of Buddhist science, but also is an important factor in the consolidation, translation and functioning of the cultural meanings of Buddhism in the Russian cultural system. Report by S. Tatar (Budapest, Hungary) B. Natsagdorj (Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia) in his report "The Buddhist factor in the general Mongolian identity of Russian Buryats in the XVIII century" presented new data based on archival findings about the early stage of the formation of the Russian Buryat culture in the 19th century. the Buryat Lamaist Sangha, its relations with the Mongolian clergy and secret negotiations with the Qing authorities. The author concludes that Buddhism was an important ethnoidentifying factor for the eastern Buryats of that time.

The report by J. N. Khaki (Srinagar, India) "Islam, Pluralism and Coexistence in modern Central Asia: A Study of cultural interaction" attempted to present modern Central Asia as a place of effective cross-cultural interaction, in which Islam plays a positive role. The destruction of ancient Buddhist images in Bamiyan by the Taliban was, according to the author, condemned by the world Islamic community and is not an example that characterizes the general trend in modern cross-cultural relations in Central Asia.

L. E. Yangutov (Ulan-Ude) studied the late Buddhist sutras in the Prajnaparamite philosophical context. The report of S. Y. Lepekhov and A. A. Kocharov (both from Ulan-Ude) was devoted to the analysis of the Rime tradition in Tibet and Buryatia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The authors pointed out a number of parallels in the fate and teachings of prominent Buddhist figures of that time: Shakya Sri in Tibet and Lubsan-Sandan Tsydenov in Buryatia.

I. S. Urbanaeva's report (Ulan-Ude) was devoted to the consideration of the problem of reality and consciousness based on post-Cartesian meditations and Buddhist texts. For a philosopher of the post-Cartesian era, the external world as a reality is something fundamentally questionable. Representatives of the phenomenological tradition, which seems to the author to be most closely related to Buddhist philosophy, see the foundations of apodictic knowledge in the" givens " of pure thinking. The Buddhist philosopher, on the other hand, has great opportunities for direct and indirect knowledge in his study of reality. In Buddhism, there are meditation techniques that complete the process of learning how external things, consciousness, and the self exist. If the pure consciousness of the Western philosopher is the concept of consciousness and the imperfect manifest world, then the pure consciousness in Buddhist philosophy is a consciousness that is pure from ignorance, that is, pure from ignorance.e. innate and acquired distorted perception and understanding of reality. In the course of the Buddhist practice of working with one's own consciousness, the latter is cleansed, but not from the objects of the manifest world, but from an inadequate way of perceiving reality, from various forms of exaggeration of the ontological status of external and internal things, including the status of the Self - perceiving and thinking subject. The Buddhist does not need to supplement reality with another reality - the "world of ideas", "things-in-themselves", "essence", "substance", "God".

A. M. Mukhambetova (Almaty, Kazakhstan) analyzed some transitional rites of the Central Asian peoples, finding in them indications of the idea of reincarnation in the Teng-

rihanna. The report of K. V. Orlova (Moscow) examined the history of the Oirat monasteries, as well as their current state. E. N. Badmaeva (Elista) studied the nature of state relations to religion in the 1920s and 1930s on the example of the Kalmyk Autonomous Region. The author notes that the struggle against religion was conducted throughout this time, only the forms changed: from moral discredit, political and economic terror to the direct destruction of clergy and active believers.

G. K. Kuldysheva's report on Buddhism in ancient Kyrgyzstan (Ot, Kyrgyzstan) examined the influence of Buddhism on Muslim culture. The speaker recalled the statement of Academician V. V. Barthold that the birthplace of Muslim madrasas is Central Asia (Tokharistan). Many scientists, the speaker noted, consider Bukhara to be the birthplace of madrasas. And the name of Bukhara, the universally recognized center of Muslim science, comes from the word "vihara" monastery. Some scholars associate the origin of Sufism with a certain Indian (Buddhist) sect. It is known that the Central Asian Sufis used a meditation technique similar to the Buddhist one. This indicates that Buddhism, which existed in Central Asia in the 1st millennium AD, had a certain influence on Muslim culture.

The report of A. K. Kulnazarov (Osh, Kyrgyzstan) examines the process of politicization of Islam in the context of globalization. The speaker believes that religious moderation and tolerance are characteristic of the overwhelming majority of Kyrgyz people. But the commitment of a certain part of Kyrgyz society, which lives mainly in rural areas, to traditionalism with its characteristic rejection of innovative elements of culture creates favorable conditions for protest relations and active resistance to transformational processes. The speaker's conclusion is that in Kyrgyzstan there are certain internal prerequisites for the transformation of religious consciousness towards its radicalization. But without significant external influences and strong financial, political and propaganda support, such a transformation would be very difficult.

E. U. Baidarov and Zh. A. Seidullayeva (both from Almaty, Kazakhstan) examined the traditional worldview of Kazakhs in the context of their religious and philosophical views. Speakers believe that the worldview of Kazakhs was formed under the influence of various religions and cults, each of which brought features of originality to the spiritual appearance of the nomads of Central Asia. A. B. Chaazhytmaa (Omsk) also believes that the religious views of the population of Central Asia (in particular, Tuvans) are characterized mainly by syncretic cults and ideas that naturally combine in popular culture. Modern Tuvans are characterized by syncretism of Lamaism and shamanism.

The report of E. S. Vasko (St. Petersburg) considered some Tibetan medical treatises included in various editions of Buddhist canons. B. L. Mitruev (St. Petersburg) considered the lexicographic traditions of the Shangshung language in the works of the Tibetan religious tradition bon, which was spoken in Western Tibet until about the XI century.

N. N. Mikhailova (St. Petersburg) researched one of the first periodicals in the Tibetan language - the newspaper "Yul phyogs so so'i gsar 'gyur me long" (Tib. yul phyogs so so'i gsar ' gyur me long, lit. "Mirror of News from Different Countries", or, as the editor himself called it," Mirror of Tibet"), which was published in Kalimpong for 38 years under the editorship of the outstanding Tibetan religious and public figure Dorje Tharchin (1890-1976) and played an important role in the political and cultural history of Tibet. The newspaper not only contributed to the modernization of the Tibetan language, the speaker believes, but also had a revolutionary impact on the literature and way of thinking of Tibetans.

Section "Folklore of Mongolian-speaking peoples: areal and stadium aspects".

I. V. Silantyev (Novosibirsk) in his report "Plot and motive in canonical and non-canonical genres" notes that from the point of view of narratology, the concepts of plot and motive are not primary and for their consistent definition one should refer to the basic categories of narrative and event. A characteristic area of modern narratology is the study of motives. It is the motif as a carrier of stable meanings and images of the narrative tradition and at the same time as an element involved in the composition of the narrative of specific works that ensures the connection between "tradition" and the sphere of "personal creativity".

In her report "The image of the Orthodox Church in the folklore prose of Russian old-timers of Baikal Siberia", R. P. Matveeva (Ulan-Ude) noted that the entire traditional life of old-timers was connected with the Orthodox church: in the main events (epiphany, wedding, funeral service),

on weekdays and holidays. The Orthodox church was a symbol of its land, and the people had a deep awareness of their unity with it.

B. S. Dugarov (Ulan-Ude) in his report "Prikhubsugulye - Prisayane: Khotogoit motifs in the myths and legends of the Khongodors" noted that these motifs reveal a stable connection with the ethnogenesis and ethnic history of the Khongodors. This applies primarily to the genealogical myths about the first ancestors of the Buryats-Bukha-noyon and shaman Asuikhan, which indicates the common ethnic origins and ethno-cultural unity in the past not only of the Hotogoito and Hongodor tribes, but also of the Mongols and Buryats of the Sayan-Khubsugul region in general.

M. P. Petrova (St. Petersburg) reviewed the works of the contemporary Mongolian writer G. Ayurzan, in particular the novel "Shamanic Legend". This is the first novel about shamans and shamanism in modern Mongolian literature, and, according to the speaker, it should be attributed to the works of "magical realism". G. Ayuurzan explores the psychology of the Mongol, using the means and techniques of postmodernism, and then magical realism. G. V. Yuldybayeva (Ufa) studied comparisons in the Bashkir folk epic "Ural-Batyr". Zh. Uuganbaatar (Ulaanbaatar) He showed the influence of folklore traditions and rituals on the development of modern dramatic literature. F. Mako (Nagoya, Japan) considered two common versions of the Mongol legend about the two horses of Genghis Khan. T. G. Basangova (Elista) in the report "Cultural hero in Kalmyk mythology" noted that only a few texts of myths about cultural heroes have been preserved in the Kalmyk folklore tradition, which is due to a number of reasons, including the lack of fixation of folk traditions of the Kalmyks. legends. OI Chariia (Yakutsk) investigated the peculiarities of mutual influence of Russian and Yukagir folklore on the example of the song "Kuksha". In her opinion, the Russian song was borrowed from the Yukaghir folklore. I. S. Nadbitova (Elista) devoted her report to the cumulative tales of the Kalmyks presented in the cycle "Sedklin Kur", the motifs of which go back to ancient Indian and Ancient Mongolian monuments.

P. L. Grokhovsky (St. Petersburg) was interested in pre-modern trends in Tibetan literature. Against the background of the general conservatism of classical Tibetan literature, the works of some Tibetan religious mentors and followers are exceptions, the language form of which reveals the influence of spoken language, and the content-the phenomena of everyday life. Such are, for example, the writings of Geshe Potoba (tib. dge bshes ro to ba, 1031-1105) and other early teachers of the Kadam school (tib. Bka ' gdams); biography of the eleventh-century yogi Milarepa (tib. mi la ras pa), written by Tsangnyon Heruka (tib. gtsang smyon he ru ka, 1452/3-1507/8); "love songs" of the VI Dalai Lama Tshangyang Gyatso (Tib. tshangs dbyangs rgya mtsho, 1683-1706); autobiography of Zhabs dkar tshogs drug rang grol rin po che, 1781-1851), which contain descriptions of items that are not included in the recommended lists of traditional Indo-Tibetan literature. D. A. Sharmandzhiev (Elista) noted the role of folk tales, triad riddles and myths in the formation of traditional values of the younger generation of Kalmyks. Report S. E. E. Baldanmaksarova (Ulan-Ude) turned to the work of the famous Russian orientalist A.M. Pozdneev and his contribution to the development of Russian Mongolian studies.

Section "Languages and written language of the peoples of Central Asia".

The report by B. D. Tsyrenov (Ulan-Ude) provides a phonetic description of heading units in Mongolian-Russian dictionaries. G. A. Dyrheeva (Ulan-Ude) considered the situation concerning Buryat-Russian bilingualism. L. D. Shagdarov and L. B. Badmayeva (both Ulan - Ude) discussed the problems of scientific translation of Buryat chronicle texts into Russian. Buryat and Russian languages. Speakers believe that for scientific study of the language and style of Buryat chronicle works, the translation of texts into modern Buryat and their translation into Russian should be as close as possible to the original, since scientific translation is an important part of the text of the Buryat chronicle monuments. The topic of A. N. Dambaeva's speech (Ulan-Ude) is translation from the Buryat language into English, in particular, translation of paired words, repetitions, causatives, use of onomatopoeic, sound-forming and phonetic words, etc. by T. B. Tagarov (Irkutsk) considered the connotative and cultural functions of phraseological units of the Buryat language.

The following reports were devoted to the problems of toponymy: M. Tatar (Oslo, Norway)" Mongorog - hydronym in the Eastern Sayan Mountains", E. V. Sundueva (Ulan-Ude)" Toponymy of the Zakamensk district of the Republic of Buryatia", N. M. Ivanov (Yakutsk)"Functioning of toponyms-mongolisms".

The report of G. Ts. Pyurbeev (Moscow) considered the finite forms of the verb and their meanings in the monument of Mongolian law of the XVIII century "Khalkha jirum". The report of J. Serzhee (Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia) analyzed grammatical ways of forming complex personal names among Mongols, and the report of O. Shinebayar (Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia) analyzed negative nouns in terminology.

The topic of the report is Ts Seraenen and Sh. Tsolmon (both Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia) - Anglicisms in Russian and Mongolian. Speakers believe that the appearance of a large number of Anglicisms in both languages is due to the fact that borrowing languages do not have an equivalent word for a new subject or concept, so under the influence of contacts, these names are taken from English, since many of them have the status of international. An important role in the spread of Anglicisms was also played by such intra-linguistic factors as the desire to differentiate concepts, specialize them, and replace phrases with one-word names. The analysis of Anglicisms of the late XX century showed that in modern Russian and Mongolian languages direct borrowing prevails, in which the phonetic structure of Anglicisms is completely or with small deviations. This type of borrowing reflects the trend towards internationalization of vocabulary, which is characteristic of the development of modern languages. Negative attitudes towards Anglicisms are most often observed when, in particular, the ethno-cultural aspect is affected and the problems of language are put on a par with the problems of the spiritual life of society. The opposite point of view in relation to Anglicisms is primarily associated with a general positive assessment of innovative phenomena at the lexical level, which are considered as a means of replenishing the vocabulary and improving the language's own resources, including enriching special vocabulary and forming terminological systems.

A report by M. O. Smirnova (St. Petersburg) was devoted to the problem of creating a corpus of Tibetan grammatical works.Despite the fact that Tibetan linguistics is one of the least studied areas in Tibetology, at the moment there is a significant number of Tibetan electronic grammatical texts from different periods, sufficient to start creating a representative corpus. Technical difficulties in creating a corpus and lexical database of Tibetan grammatical works are mainly related to the specifics of the Tibetan writing system. Since the use of the unified Unicode encoding standard for Tibetan writing in commercial operating systems began recently (it was added in 2007 in Microsoft Vista), before that, many software applications were created for specific fonts, mainly in the ASCII encoding system (American Standard Code for Information Interchange). Generally accepted since 1959 is the Latin-based transliteration scheme of Wylie, which is used in most Tibetan electronic and online dictionaries. In this regard, the existing Tibetan electronic dictionaries cannot be used directly (without converting to Unicode) when creating a corpus in the Tibetan script in accordance with the Unicode standard. Placing the corpus and lexical database on the Internet requires the use of a single encoding system that is accessible to all users, which at the moment is only the Unicode standard.

G. A. Serkina (St. Petersburg) in her report traced the origins of the shamanic ideology characteristic of the Turkic languages in the cult of the bear. The speaker drew attention to the Ottoman banners, which represent a metal standard in the shape of a palm. Even among the Phoenicians, the palm / hand had a sacred symbolism. For both Arabs and Jews, the image of the hand played the role of a talisman and amulet. The hand had the same symbolism in Central Asia. Judging by the ethnographic data of the Hindu Kush and Pamirs, the palm was often depicted on the wall of the house as a talisman. It should be emphasized that the correct shape of the human palm in images is very often not observed. This fact shows that this symbol is not based on a human hand, as it is mistakenly interpreted ("Hand of Fatima", "Hand of Miriam"). In fact, this decorative form is a distant echo of the cult of the bear - more precisely, it is a sacred symbol of the bear's paw, which since ancient times played an important role in the religious sphere of the peoples of the Ural-Altai language family and the Ainu of Japan, and was used as a shamanic mallet. The origin of the shamanic terminology of the Altai language family is directly related to the origin of the bear cult. Firstly, because the vocabulary of the spiritual-sacral sphere of these peoples has been preserved unchanged for a long time: the word "kam", which the modern Turks call a shaman, is found in the same meaning in the"Ancient Turkic Dictionary". Secondly, this point of view is also supported by the fact that

the fact that the sacred shamanic terms of the peoples of the Altai family, remote from each other both geographically and in time, reflect, judging by the similarity, the antiquity of their origin: "coma, kuma" - "bear" (other-cor., other-yap.); "kami" - " spirit, spirits"(yap.); "kamych" - "ladle", "kam" - " shaman "(Turk.); " hama (n)" - "shaman; ecstatic" (Even.; Evenk.); "hamaahamalim" - "jump" (Evenk.). It is possible that the sacronym "kam", which in the historical era became the designation of a clergyman, is one of the oldest designations of a bear.

A. S. Kramskova's report (St. Petersburg) examined the history of the origin, development, and current state of Tibetan calligraphy. The speaker notes that since the imperial period in Tibetan history, calligraphy was one of the main indicators of the skills of a novice official or scribe, so to ensure career success, children were taught first the statutory writing style-wucheng (tib. dbu can), and then cursive - ume (tib. dbu med). As a result, for the entire history of Tibetan writing, parallel to the tradition of applied calligraphy, there was a theoretical calligraphic tradition that described the correct proportions and shapes of letters - the so-called writing rules (Tib. 'bri tshul). At present, the Tibetan calligraphy tradition, despite the difficult political situation and the fading of some trends in favor of others, continues to live and develop thanks to the support of both Tibetans themselves and citizens of foreign countries interested in Tibetan culture. In 2006 The Latse Contemporary Tibetan Cultural Library (New York, USA) held a workshop on Tibetan calligraphy, which was attended by calligraphers from both China (Tibet) and other countries. In Tibet itself, schools where the Tibetan language is taught still teach the basics of calligraphy, and many calligraphers give private calligraphy lessons to both children and adults.

Within the framework of the conference, a joint meeting of the Russian Society of Mongolian Studies and the International Association of Mongolian Studies was held, which was attended by scientists representing Mongolia, Russia, and Japan. The Chairman of the Board of the Russian Society of Mongol Studies, Corresponding member, made a welcoming speech. RAS B. V. Bazarov. The following reports were presented: V. V. Graivoronsky "Mongolian studies at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences: current state and problems"; I. V. Kulganek "Mongolica - a periodical of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences"; E. V. Sundueva" Prospects for Mongolian Studies at the Institute of Mongolian Studies, Buddhology and Tibetology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences". The discussion was attended by scientists from Mongolia: L. Dashnyam, N. Hishigt, D. Enkhchimeg, Ch. Dashdavaa, Russian scientists E. V. Boikova, A. S. Zheleznyakov and others. Noting the difficulties of publishing journals, coordinating Oriental studies both in Russia and between countries, and training specialists in Mongolian studies, the meeting participants suggested developing a website of the Russian Society of Mongolian Studies in order to coordinate its activities; creating an electronic library of publications on Mongolian studies.

During the conference, ways of comprehensive historical and cultural, anthropological, ethnological, historical and philosophical, geopolitical, textual, philological, linguistic research of the problems of Central Asia and the Mongolian-speaking peoples were outlined. In their reports and discussions, the participants noted the need to anthropologize history, which will allow linking conceptual developments with everyday life of people; closer interaction with state authorities to prevent "indignation" of the interethnic space. They discussed the importance of regular exchange of experience on the problems of preserving and developing ethnic minority languages in a foreign-language environment and arousing interest in them, as well as the exchange of experience on language ecology. It was recommended to: continue joint Russian-Mongolian scientific field research; organize interregional and international comprehensive sociological research in order to accumulate a broad empirical base and actively involve young scientists in their implementation; regularly conduct sociological seminars that can become a unique platform for discussing topical issues of modern social changes in the context of socio-stratification, ethnosocial, migration,etc. demographic processes in the Central Asian region; improve regulatory and legal legislation in the field of demographic, social and migration policy on the basis of an interdepartmental approach and the development of effective interaction between academic and university science, the state and civil society institutions; conduct further comprehensive research on the problems of interaction between the peoples of Central Asia and Russia, cooperation between cross-border regions of Russia and China, China and India, Mongolian-Russian relations.

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