Among the works of Soviet scientists on the history of the Great Patriotic War, a significant number are devoted to the development of industry, which formed the basis of the war economy, and the working class, which, led by the Communist Party, played a decisive role in ensuring the defeat of nazi Germany. There is no doubt that this problem, which is important both in scientific and political terms, will continue to be in the sphere of close attention of historians who study the origins of the victory of the Soviet people over the Nazi invaders. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically summarize the results of the work done, determine the ways and objectives of further research of the problem. Of particular importance is the analysis of the main directions and results of its study in recent years .1 Soviet historians, since 1971, have published a total of at least 180 works revealing the history of industry and the industrial working class of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War. The advantage of most of these works is that they show the importance of the leading role of the Communist Party and its Central Committee in mobilizing the country's resources for the defeat of Hitlerite Germany. Many studies are devoted to the industrial history of the war years. If 10-20 years ago among the works on this topic were dominated by works that considered its restructuring in a military way, but in recent years the number of them has decreased. And this is understandable - in the previous time, the issue was studied relatively deeply. New works on this topic are small articles that reflect the process of transformation of industry or its individual branches in some parts of the country2 . Only one aspect of industrial restructuring at the beginning of the war remains the object of close attention-the evacuation of enterprises from front - line and threatened areas. About 20 papers are devoted to this topic. If in the past, as a rule, the dismantling, transportation and ... Читать далее